Tennis elbow, also known as lateral epicondylitis, is a condition characterized by pain and tenderness on the outside of the elbow. It typically results from overuse of the forearm muscles and tendons that attach to the lateral epicondyle, a bony prominence on the outside of the elbow. Despite its name, tennis elbow is not exclusive to tennis players and can affect anyone who repetitively uses their forearm muscles.
Pain or burning on the outer part of the elbow
Weak grip strength.
Pain that worsens with forearm activity, such as lifting, gripping, or twisting
Repetitive motions, such as those used in tennis, painting, plumbing, or carpentry
Overuse or strain of the forearm muscles and tendons
Diagnosis is typically made through a physical examination. The doctor may ask the patient to move their arm, wrist, and fingers in specific ways to see what causes pain. Imaging tests like X-rays or MRI scans may be used to rule out other conditions.
Rest: Avoid activities that exacerbate the pain.
Ice: Apply ice packs to the elbow to reduce pain and swelling.
Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen can help manage pain and inflammation.
Physical Therapy: Exercises to strengthen and stretch the forearm muscles.
Braces: Using a brace or strap to reduce strain on the elbow.
Injections: Corticosteroid injections or platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections may provide relief.
Surgery is rarely needed but may be considered if symptoms do not improve with non-surgical treatments after 6-12 months. Surgical options include:
Removing damaged muscle and reattaching healthy muscle to bone.
Debridement or release of the affected tendon.
Strengthening forearm muscles with specific exercises.
Proper technique in sports and activities.
Using appropriate equipment (e.g., racquet with correct grip size).
Taking breaks and avoiding repetitive strain.
With appropriate treatment, most people with tennis elbow recover fully, although it may take several months. Maintaining strength and flexibility in the forearm muscles can help prevent recurrence.